Module: Programming Languages
Topics: PHP & MySQL

PHP clean code concept

1. Descriptive Naming: Use meaningful and descriptive names for variables, functions, and classes. This makes the code self-explanatory and reduces the need for comments.
2. DRY (Don’t Repeat Yourself): Avoid code duplication by encapsulating reusable logic into functions or methods. This improves maintainability and reduces the risk of introducing bugs during changes.
3. Single Responsibility Principle (SRP): Each class or method should have a single responsibility, making it easier to understand and maintain. This principle promotes modular and focused code.
4. Consistent Formatting: Adhere to a consistent coding style and formatting throughout the codebase. This enhances readability and makes it easier for developers to collaborate.
5. Comments for Why, Not What: Use comments sparingly and focus on explaining the ‘why’ behind code decisions rather than describing ‘what’ the code is doing. Well-written code should be self-explanatory.

PHP Namespaces

Namespaces are a way to encapsulate items like classes, functions, and constants, preventing naming conflicts between different parts of a PHP program. Namespaces help in organizing code and avoid naming collisions, especially in large projects or when integrating multiple libraries.

Defining a Namespace:

<?php
namespace MyNamespace;

class MyClass {
    // class implementation
}

function myFunction() {
    // function implementation
}

Using a Namespace:

<?php
// Using the MyClass from MyNamespace
$obj = new MyNamespace\MyClass();

// Using the myFunction from MyNamespace
MyNamespace\myFunction();

PHPCS

PHP CodeSniffer (PHPCS) is a set of tools for detecting and fixing coding standard violations in PHP code. It helps maintain a consistent coding style across projects and ensures that code adheres to predefined standards. PHPCS comes with predefined coding standards (like PSR-1, PSR-2, and others), and it can also be configured to use custom rules.

MySQL

• Database Management System: MySQL is a popular open-source relational database management system (RDBMS).
• Structured Data: It allows you to store, manage, and retrieve structured data. MySQL organizes data into tables with rows and columns.

MySQL with PHP

• PHP and MySQL often work together in web development. PHP scripts can connect to a MySQL database to retrieve and manipulate data dynamically, providing a seamless integration of server-side scripting and database functionality.
• Other programming languages (e.g., Python, Java) can also interact with MySQL databases, not just PHP.

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